Pediatric traumatic brain injury (PECARN rule)

High-risk features age <2 :

• Altered mental status (fussy behavior)
• Loss of consciousness
• Severe mechanism of injury (fall >09 in [3 ft], high impact, MVC)
• Nonfrontal scalp hematoma
• Palpable skull fracture

 High-risk features age more 2 to 18:

• Altered mental status (eg, somnolence, agitation)
• Loss of consciousness
• Severe mechanism of injury (fall >1.5 m [5 ft], high impact, MVC)
• Vomiting, severe headache
• Basilar skull fracture signs (eg, CSF rhinorrhea)

Management - Head CT scan without contrast

https://www.uptodate.com/contents/severe-traumatic-brain-injury-tbi-in-children-initial-evaluation-and-management

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7254418/

https://canchild.ca/en/resources/249-concussion-mild-traumatic-brain-injury-guideline-brochures

https://canchild.ca/system/tenon/assets/attachments/000/002/643/original/RTARTS_Suggestion_by_stage.pdf